Short for 'intelligent dance music,' IDM began as an offshoot of abstract electronic music during the early '90s. Some say it began with Germany's electronic outfit Kraftwerk; others cite John Cage's experimental works as a chief influence. Many would agree, though, that the musicians who helped usher in the IDM movement were Richard D. James (Aphex Twin), Autechre, and Squarepusher. These artists explored the use of drum machines and harsh, prerecorded samples, creating electronic music that embraced experimentation through deconstruction. Though IDM was intended for sitting and listening rather than for dancing, the ever-changing style challenged those who heard it. Labels such as Warp and James's Rephlex Records facilitated the electronic IDM explosion of the '90s, as well as inspiring a wave of musicians to push the limits of electronic music. Other notable artists include Scanner, Musiq, and Mouse on Mars.

Notable Artists: Aphex Twin, Autechre, Mouse on Mars